Analysis of Stability and Accuracy of Gas Flow in High Flow Nasal Canule for COVID-19 Patients

Muhammad Ridha Mak'ruf; Novella Lasdrei Anna  Leediman; Andjar Pudji; Erwin L.  Rimban

doi:10.35882/jeeemi.v5i1.277

Muhammad Ridha Mak'ruf Department of Medical Electronics Technology, Poltekkes Kemenkes Surabaya, INDONESIA https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5095-0253
Novella Lasdrei Anna Leediman Department of Medical Electronics Technology, Poltekkes Kemenkes Surabaya, INDONESIA
Andjar Pudji Department of Medical Electronics Technology, Poltekkes Kemenkes Surabaya, INDONESIA https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5503-6703
Erwin L. Rimban Cagayan State University, Philippines https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1120-4845

DOI: https://doi.org/10.35882/jeeemi.v5i1.277

Keywords: High Flow Nasal Canule, Stability, Accuracy, Oxygen, Flow

Abstract

In December 2019, the world was introduced to a new coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome (COVID-19).The primary strategy for COVID-19 patients is supportive care, using high-flow nasal oxygen therapy (HFNC) reported to be effective in improving oxygenation. Stability is the ability of a medical device to maintain its performance [1]. Medical equipment must have the stability necessary to maintain critical performance conditions over a period of time. Accuracy is the closeness of agreement between the value of a measuring quantity, and the value of the actual quantity of the measuring quantity[2].The purpose of this study is to ensure that the readings of the HFNC device are accurate and stable so that it is safe and comfortable when used on patients. The development of the equipment that will be used by the author adds graphs to the TFT LCD to help monitor stable data in real time so that officers can monitor the flow and fraction of oxygen in the device to be stable. This study uses Arduino Nano while the sensor used is the GFS131 sensor, then the results are displayed on the Nextion TFT LCD. The test is carried out with comparing the setting value of the HFNC tool that appears on the TFT LCD with a gas flow analyzer with a measurement range of 20 LPM to 60 LPM 5 times at each point. Based on measurements on the gas flow analyzer, the HFNC module has an average error (error (%)) of6.40%. Average uncertainty (Ua) 0.05. Conclusion from these results that the calibrator module has a relative error (error value) that is still within the allowable tolerance limit, which is ±10%, the tool is precise because of the small uncertainty and good stability of the stability test carried out within a certain time.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biographies

Muhammad Ridha Mak'ruf, Department of Medical Electronics Technology, Poltekkes Kemenkes Surabaya, INDONESIA

Andjar Pudji, Department of Medical Electronics Technology, Poltekkes Kemenkes Surabaya, INDONESIA

References

K. KESEHATAN and T. L. COVID-19, “Tatalaksana Covid-19.” Jakarta, p. 93, 2021.

D. B. Jernigan, “Update: Public Health Response to the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Outbreak — United States, February 24, 2020,” MMWR. Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep., vol. 69, no. 8, pp. 216–219, 2020, doi: 10.15585/mmwr.mm6908e1.

A. M. Dondorp, M. Hayat, D. Aryal, A. Beane, and M. J. Schultz, “Respiratory support in COVID-19 patients, with a focus on resource-limited settings,” Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg., vol. 102, no. 6, pp. 1191–1197, 2020, doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.20-0283.

M. Nishimura, “High-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy devices,” Respir. Care, vol. 64, no. 6, pp. 735–742, 2019, doi: 10.4187/respcare.06718.

W.H.O., “Novel Coronavirus ( 2019-nCoV ) Situation Report - 34 23 februar 2020,” World Heal. Organ, vol. 2019, no. February, p. 2633, [Online]. Available: https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019.

W. Geng, W. Batu, S. You, Z. Tong, and H. He, “High-Flow Nasal Cannula: A Promising Oxygen Therapy for Patients with Severe Bronchial Asthma Complicated with Respiratory Failure,” Can. Respir. J., vol. 2020, pp. 1–7, 2020, doi: 10.1155/2020/2301712.

D.-L. Salvador et al., “Things to Keep in Mind in High Flow Therapy: As Usual the Devil is in the Detail,” Int. J. Crit. Care Emerg. Med., vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 1–8, 2018, doi: 10.23937/2474-3674/1510048.

Fănel Dorel ȘCHEAUA, “Theoretical Approaches Regarding the VENTURI Effect,” Hidraulica, no. 3, pp. 69–72, 2016.

J. Li, J. B. Fink, and S. Ehrmann, “High-flow nasal cannula for COVID-19 patients: Low risk of bio-aerosol dispersion,” Eur. Respir. J., vol. 55, no. 5, 2020, doi: 10.1183/13993003.00892-2020.

D. M. Devices, “Medical device guidance,” US Patent 10,314,559, no. October. pp. 1–15, 2008. [Online]. Available: http://www.hsa.gov.sg/content/dam/HSA/HPRG/Medical_Devices/Overview_Framework_Policies/Guidances_for_Medical_Device_Registration/GN-15-R6.1 Guidance on Medical Device Product Registration.pdf

Komite Akreditasi Nasional, “Kan Guide on the Evaluation and Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement,” 4, 2016

S. R, “ISO/IEC 17025:2005,” 2006

International Electrotechnical Commission, “IEC 60601-1, 2005: A revolutionary standard, Part 1. Medical Device and Diagnostic Industry,” 2005

A. Saguni, “Metode Kerja Pengujian Dan Atau Kalibrasi Alat Kesehatan,” Metode Kerja Pengujian dan / atau Kalibrasi Alat Kesehatan, vol. 70. p. 32, 2015.

Departement Kesehatan Republik Indonesia, “Pedoman PENGUJIAN DAN KALIBRASI ALAT KESEHATAN,” 601.28

A. Agarwal et al., “High-flow nasal cannula for acute hypoxemic respiratory failure in patients with COVID-19: systematic reviews of effectiveness and its risks of aerosolization, dispersion, and infection transmission,” Can. J. Anesth., vol. 67, no. 9, pp. 1217–1248, 2020, doi: 10.1007/s12630-020-01740-2.

E. S. Muhammad Khosyi’in , Agus Suprajitno, “Alat Penghitung Volume dan Timer Penggunaan Oksigen,” Alat Penghitung Volume dan Timer Penggunaan Oksigen, vol. d. Sekolah Tinggi Teknologi Nasional Yogyakarta, Yogyakarta, pp. 1–8, 2017.

J. A. Prakosa and L. P. Kozlova, “Design and simulation of automatic control valve for gas flow meter calibrator of bell prover,” in Proceedings of the 2018 IEEE Conference of Russian Young Researchers in Electrical and Electronic Engineering, ElConRus 2018, 2018, vol. 2018-Janua, pp. 966–969. doi: 10.1109/EIConRus.2018.8317250.

Y. N. Firdaus, S. Syaifudin, and M. P. A. Tetra Putra, “Alat Ukur Konsentrasi Dan Flow Oksigen Pada Ventilator,” J. Teknokes, vol. 12, no. 1, pp. 27–32, 2019, doi: 10.35882/teknokes.v12i1.5.

D. L. Grieco et al., “Effect of Helmet Noninvasive Ventilation vs High-Flow Nasal Oxygen on Days Free of Respiratory Support in Patients with COVID-19 and Moderate to Severe Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure: The HENIVOT Randomized Clinical Trial,” JAMA - J. Am. Med. Assoc., vol. 325, no. 17, pp. 1731–1743, 2021, doi: 10.1001/jama.2021.4682.

A. Medical, AirBlend, Manual Boo. 1984.

D. A. Suffredini and M. G. Allison, “A Rationale for Use of High Flow Nasal Cannula for Select Patients With Suspected or Confirmed Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 Infection,” vol. 36, no. 1, pp. 9–17, 2021, doi: 10.1177/0885066620956630.

D. Yildizdas, A. Yontem, G. Iplik, O. O. Horoz, and F. Ekinci, “Predicting nasal high-flow therapy failure by pediatric respiratory rate-oxygenation index and pediatric respiratory rate-oxygenation index variation in children,” Eur. J. Pediatr., vol. 180, no. 4, pp. 1099–1106, 2021, doi: 10.1007/s00431-020-03847-6.

M. O. Yolanda, T. Rahmawati, and Moch. Prastawa, “Analisis Keakuratan Hasil Kalibrasi Pada Rancang Bangun Alat Kalibrator Gas Flowmeter Menggunakan TFT LCD,” in Prosiding Seminar Nasional Kesehatan Politeknik Kesehatan Kementerian Kesehatan Surabaya, 2020, pp. 1–6.

M. F. Radzi, H. M. Saputra, C. H. A. H. B. Baskoro, M. Mirdanies, R. I. A. Aziz, and N. Ismail, “PID-Based Fraction of Inspired Oxygen (FiO2) Control System in ICU Ventilator,” 2021 IEEE 7th Int. Conf. Smart Instrumentation, Meas. Appl. ICSIMA 2021, pp. 185–189, 2021, doi: 10.1109/ICSIMA50015.2021.9525942.